{"id":13155,"date":"2023-10-24T11:30:17","date_gmt":"2023-10-24T11:30:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/?p=13155"},"modified":"2025-04-23T09:05:12","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T09:05:12","slug":"the-belt-and-road-initiative-in-ten-figures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/the-belt-and-road-initiative-in-ten-figures\/","title":{"rendered":"The Belt and Road Initiative in 10 figures"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In October 2023, China hosted the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in Beijing to mark 10 years of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Officially dubbed the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21<sup>st<\/sup> Century Maritime Silk Road, the BRI is an ambitious (and sometimes controversial) infrastructure development strategy that forms the centrepiece of Xi Jinping\u2019s foreign policy strategy.<\/p>\n<p>On the 10<sup>th<\/sup> anniversary of the BRI, we look at 10 key figures that demonstrate the scale and ambition of the project.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/lp-cta-gateway\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7246 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-gateway.png\" alt=\"launchpad gateway\" width=\"4680\" height=\"786\" srcset=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-gateway.png 4680w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-gateway-300x50.png 300w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-gateway-1024x172.png 1024w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-gateway-768x129.png 768w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-gateway-1536x258.png 1536w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-gateway-2048x344.png 2048w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-gateway-1920x322.png 1920w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-gateway-1170x197.png 1170w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-gateway-585x98.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4680px) 100vw, 4680px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>155<\/strong><br \/>\nAs of August 2023, a purported 155 countries have joined the BRI by signing a memorandum of understanding (MoU). According to the Chinese government\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yidaiyilu.gov.cn\/country\">Belt and Road Portal<\/a>, this includes 40 countries in Asia, 52 countries in Africa, 27 in Europe, 15 in North America, 9 in South America, and 12 in Oceania.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1<\/strong><br \/>\nItaly is the only G7 country to have joined the BRI, having signed an MoU with Beijing in March 2019. However, as of late 2023, the Italian government has indicated that it is likely to withdraw from the BRI, bringing it into step with the China policy of the rest of the EU. Italian politicians are reported to have been disappointed with the scale of trade and other business dealings with China since the MoU was signed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>$1 trillion<\/strong><br \/>\nThe amount estimated to have been spent on BRI initiatives, making the BRI the largest multilateral development project ever undertaken by a single country.<\/p>\n<div style=\"clear:both; margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:2em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/eight-charts-that-explain-the-chinese-economy-in-2023\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"dofollow\" class=\"ue378f97e9776c6abbe7c939cd6b0241d\"><style> .ue378f97e9776c6abbe7c939cd6b0241d { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #E74C3C!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ue378f97e9776c6abbe7c939cd6b0241d:active, .ue378f97e9776c6abbe7c939cd6b0241d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ue378f97e9776c6abbe7c939cd6b0241d { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ue378f97e9776c6abbe7c939cd6b0241d .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:#E74C3C; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ue378f97e9776c6abbe7c939cd6b0241d .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ue378f97e9776c6abbe7c939cd6b0241d:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } <\/style><div style=\"padding-left:1em; padding-right:1em;\"><span class=\"ctaText\">Read Also<\/span>&nbsp; <span class=\"postTitle\">Eight charts that explain the Chinese economy in 2023<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n<p><strong>3,000<\/strong><br \/>\nThe number of major projects estimated to have been undertaken as part of the BRI. This includes roads, railways, ports, power plants and other critical infrastructure.<\/p>\n<p><strong>40%<\/strong><br \/>\nThe proportion of projects in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor \u2013 one of the BRI\u2019s flagship arrangements \u2013 estimated to have run into problems such as funding cuts, corruption, or insurmountable cost increases. Some have criticised BRI projects for a lack of follow-through, leaving countries with infrastructure projects and economic zones that ultimately do not contribute to the economy. A report by <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.aiddata.org\/ad4\/pdfs\/Banking_on_the_Belt_and_Road__Insights_from_a_new_global_dataset_of_13427_Chinese_development_projects.pdf\">AidData at William &amp; Mary<\/a> suggests that around a third of the BRI infrastructure project portfolio has encountered major impediments.<\/p>\n<p><strong>120km per hour<\/strong><br \/>\nThe speed of the trains on the China-Europe Railway Express project, a logistics distribution network that connects China with more than 200 cities in 25 European countries via the Eurasian hinterland.<\/p>\n<p><strong>36 gigawatts<\/strong><br \/>\nThe estimated capacity of the coal power plant projects that have been cancelled since 2021 after Xi Jinping announced that China would no longer support the construction of coal-fired power plants abroad. Since then, China has stated its commitment to supporting green and low-carbon energy development in BRI countries.<\/p>\n<div style=\"clear:both; margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:2em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/is-chinas-belt-and-road-initiative-on-the-brink-of-a-green-shift\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"dofollow\" class=\"uaa6645a68f0913671f23ab9548387cd9\"><style> .uaa6645a68f0913671f23ab9548387cd9 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #E74C3C!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .uaa6645a68f0913671f23ab9548387cd9:active, .uaa6645a68f0913671f23ab9548387cd9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .uaa6645a68f0913671f23ab9548387cd9 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .uaa6645a68f0913671f23ab9548387cd9 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:#E74C3C; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .uaa6645a68f0913671f23ab9548387cd9 .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .uaa6645a68f0913671f23ab9548387cd9:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } <\/style><div style=\"padding-left:1em; padding-right:1em;\"><span class=\"ctaText\">Read Also<\/span>&nbsp; <span class=\"postTitle\">Is China\u2019s BRI on the brink of a green shift?<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n<p><strong>13,000km<\/strong><br \/>\nThe length of the Yiwu-Madrid railway line, the world\u2019s longest railway freight route (the Yiwu-London route is the second longest). The route is one of several used by long-distance trains as part of the \u201cNew Eurasian Land Bridge\u201d, which is integrated with the BRI. \u00a0The journey takes around three weeks, as opposed to six by sea. Despite the success of China-Europe rail projects over the past decade, most analysts agree that the maritime routes of the BRI still receive the most focus\/trade.<\/p>\n<p><strong>99 years<\/strong><br \/>\nThe length of time that the Hambantota International Port in Sri Lanka has been leased to China. China Merchants Port took a 70% stake in the port in 2017 after the Sri Lankan government struggled with debt repayments (the construction of the port had been financed with commercial loans from the Exim Bank of China). Hambantota has been used as an example in accusations that China is practising \u2018debt-trap diplomacy\u2019, in which a country extends debt to another country to increase political leverage. However, the \u2018debt-trap diplomacy\u2019 hypothesis about the BRI has not been universally accepted by economists and IR specialists.<\/p>\n<p><strong>10,000<\/strong><br \/>\nThe number of scientists from BRI countries that have visited China for research or exchanges. Over the past few years, cultural, digital, and health-related initiatives have been playing an increasingly important role in the BRI, with the focus shifting to \u201csofter\u201d power initiatives, including personal training and the construction of cultural institutions.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/lp-cta-membership2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7249 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2.png\" alt=\"Launchpad membership 2\" width=\"4680\" height=\"786\" srcset=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2.png 4680w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-300x50.png 300w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-1024x172.png 1024w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-768x129.png 768w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-1536x258.png 1536w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-2048x344.png 2048w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-1920x322.png 1920w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-1170x197.png 1170w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-585x98.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4680px) 100vw, 4680px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In October 2023, China hosted the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in Beijing to mark 10 years of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Officially dubbed the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, the BRI is an ambitious (and sometimes controversial) infrastructure development strategy that forms the centrepiece of Xi Jinping\u2019s foreign policy strategy. On the 10th anniversary of the BRI, we&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":9261,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[209],"tags":[2172,2345,2427,2346],"class_list":["post-13155","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bri","tag-belt-and-road-initiative","tag-maritime-silk-road","tag-paywall","tag-silk-road-economic-belt"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Belt and Road Initiative in 10 figures - Focus - China Britain Business Council<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"As China&#039;s Belt and Road Initiative celebrates its ten year anniversary, we look at 10 figures that reveal the scale of the project\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/the-belt-and-road-initiative-in-ten-figures\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Belt and Road Initiative in 10 figures - 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