{"id":13646,"date":"2024-02-14T06:30:48","date_gmt":"2024-02-14T06:30:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/?p=13646"},"modified":"2025-04-23T09:02:26","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T09:02:26","slug":"what-chinese-crime-novels-can-tell-us-about-contemporary-china","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/what-chinese-crime-novels-can-tell-us-about-contemporary-china\/","title":{"rendered":"What Chinese crime novels can tell us about contemporary China"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Jeffrey C. Kinkley is professor emeritus of Chinese History at St. John\u2019s University, New York, and a John Simon Guggenheim Fellow. He is also a biographer (<em>The Odyssey of Shen Congwen<\/em>) and a translator of Chinese fiction. Kinkley has published several academic books, including <em>Chinese Justice, the Fiction: Law and Literature in Modern China<\/em>; <em>Corruption and Realism in Late Socialist China<\/em>: <em>The Return of the Political Novel<\/em>; and <em>Visions of Dystopia in China\u2019s New Historical Novels<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>But in his spare time, Jeff Kinkley likes to read detective fiction set in China; indeed he\u2019s read pretty much every China-related detective novel written in English (and invariably outside of China to circumvent any censorship), and he reckons they tell us a lot about contemporary China that doesn\u2019t make either the news or the more academic tomes out there. So he\u2019s brought together his thoughts in <em>China Mysteries: Crime Novels From China\u2019s Others <\/em>(University of Hawaii Press). Paul French caught up with Kinkley to talk China, crime and which novels can usefully tell us about the society we operate in\u2026. and also ask Jeff for a definitive reading list of China-set crime novels.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/lp-cta-general\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7247 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general.png\" alt=\"launchpad CBBC\" width=\"4680\" height=\"786\" srcset=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general.png 4680w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-300x50.png 300w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-1024x172.png 1024w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-768x129.png 768w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-1536x258.png 1536w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-2048x344.png 2048w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-1920x322.png 1920w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-1170x197.png 1170w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-585x98.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4680px) 100vw, 4680px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4>I\u2019m going to assume that <em>China Mysteries<\/em> is a book that originated with your leisure reading, but you thought there was something serious to say about all these \u201cChina mysteries not made in China\u201d that began to be published around the turn of the century?<\/h4>\n<p>I caught the crime fiction bug during a research project on crime-and-law stories that suddenly appeared in China itself around 1980. Crime themes had been banned there for 30 years. I looked into these works\u2019 Chinese literary past and present in my book <em>Chinese Justice, the Fiction <\/em>(2000). Novels with devilishly complicated murder plots are now published in China, and a few are translated into English. Crime genres published in the PRC have to overcome political taboos, widespread disdain for the local police, and stiff competition from translated Japanese whodunits and diverse online fantasy genres. China mysteries <em>not<\/em> produced in China have their own limitations (publishers want them to suit Western tastes), but most of the authors view China from a global perspective and personal experience. When novels similar in genre but written under a different flag are placed side by side, similarities and differences stand out. The idea of \u201cworld literature\u201d appears in a new light, and so do foreign relations.<\/p>\n<div style=\"clear:both; margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:2em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/best-china-books-2023\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"dofollow\" class=\"ua789132a147c0334e79d76255152ccd6\"><style> .ua789132a147c0334e79d76255152ccd6 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #E74C3C!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ua789132a147c0334e79d76255152ccd6:active, .ua789132a147c0334e79d76255152ccd6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ua789132a147c0334e79d76255152ccd6 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ua789132a147c0334e79d76255152ccd6 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:#E74C3C; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ua789132a147c0334e79d76255152ccd6 .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ua789132a147c0334e79d76255152ccd6:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } <\/style><div style=\"padding-left:1em; padding-right:1em;\"><span class=\"ctaText\">Read Also<\/span>&nbsp; <span class=\"postTitle\">The best books about China from 2023<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n<h4>Why do you think this sub-genre has flourished?<\/h4>\n<p>Few of the authors were professional fiction writers before they published their first China mystery, though several were noted journalists. Even so, their mystery writing craft \u2014 pacing, plotting, style, wit \u2014 seems up to snuff to me. What might attract readers looking for insights into China is the authors\u2019 attention to detail: local colour, urban customs, and factoids inserted for their own sake. Paradoxically, local colour gives offshore China mysteries an edge over domestic productions. When China\u2019s own fiction depicts crime in a particular place, local officials can object.<\/p>\n<h4>Having surveyed all these books and authors, which sub-genres of crime do you see as most popular, and why do certain sub-genres succeed over others?<\/h4>\n<p>Mystery aficionados, I think, binge on books by a favourite author, then search for cognate themes and styles. Series heroes are an attraction. Half the mysteries here feature a sympathetic recurring PRC police, ex-police, or judicial investigating protagonist, maybe female. Other works star a civilian, often a foreigner, perhaps a single woman, but not a self-defined sleuth. Even native investigators must eschew the label of P. I. The inquisitor could be a journalist or someone who has a rendezvous with trouble. I call this the China mystery sub-sub-genre with a \u201cbeset citizen\u201d hero. The hero might be foreign <em>and<\/em> outside the law.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"hoverZoomLink aligncenter wp-image-13649\" src=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Jeff-Kinkley-China-Mysteries-678x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"906\" srcset=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Jeff-Kinkley-China-Mysteries-678x1024.jpg 678w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Jeff-Kinkley-China-Mysteries-199x300.jpg 199w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Jeff-Kinkley-China-Mysteries-768x1160.jpg 768w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Jeff-Kinkley-China-Mysteries-585x883.jpg 585w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Jeff-Kinkley-China-Mysteries.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>How realistic do you think the books are in general, and who, among the authors you\u2019ve noted, from Lisa See to Qiu Xiaolong, do you think have written the strongest books that really capture the essence of China? Are there any with a particular UK angle?<\/h4>\n<p>It\u2019s the good storytellers who make me forget that their plots are all made up. Besides the king, Qiu Xiaolong, I\u2019d recommend Lisa Brackmann, Diane Wei Liang, Dinah Lee K\u00fcng, Lisa See, Catherine Sampson, Jan-Philipp Sendker, Michel Imbert, Adam Brookes, and John Gapper. Ian Hamilton\u2019s and Peter May\u2019s mysteries are hard to put down, however improbable their storylines. Some Sinophone critics consider Chan Ho-Kei the best classic whodunit author writing in Chinese (not all his works are available in the PRC).<\/p>\n<p>\u201cRealism\u201d with a focus on society\u2019s underbelly, migrant workers and the rural poor, for instance, is typically overshadowed by fascination with China\u2019s rapid development. A sense of adventure and discovery prevails over noir atmospherics. You happily suspend disbelief in a good crime novel, particularly when murders pile up in a low-crime area like China \u2014 or a British country estate. The satirists \u2014 Alban Yung, Nuri Vittachi, Paul Mason, Zhang Xinxin \u2014 are in a class by themselves. That said, most locations depicted in the novels come straight out of life. I checked. The menus of already bulldozed restaurants are often archived online!<\/p>\n<p>UK birth, education, and\/or residence runs through the biographies of many of the authors; Sino-British relations appear particularly in the novels by Sampson and Brookes. I nearly dropped my chopsticks on hearing Qiu Xiaolong\u2019s Shanghai characters speak with British accents in the BBC Radio 4 adaptations based on Qiu\u2019s novels! (those are available on YouTube).<\/p>\n<h4>Qiu Xiaolong and his Inspector Chen series have been massively popular and run to over a dozen books. I always thought Chen was a good way to understand the dynamics of the 1990s and turn of the century Shanghai, but now they seem to be helpful in explaining zero-Covid, mass surveillance and many other aspects of contemporary Chinese life. Is this a new, perhaps more political, turn for the sub-genre of \u201cChina mysteries not made in China\u201d?<\/h4>\n<p>Part of Qiu Xiaolong\u2019s global appeal is indeed the space he allows for politics in domestic policing. This is also true of Michel Imbert, who writes in French. Most of Qiu\u2019s mysteries start with a big news item: the <em>Golden Venture<\/em> shipwreck off New York, the murder of writer Dai Houying, blood peddling, the mega-corruption of Lai Changxing, Bo Xilai\u2019s neo-Maoism, Chinese netizens\u2019 image searches for clues to corruption, the pollution of Lake Tai. Those events already sound historical, but the novelists use crimes like these as launchpads to depict broader social issues. I only knew the forthcoming title of <em>Love and Murder in the Time of Covid<\/em> (2023) when I wrote my book, but the plot is in good Qiu Xiaolong form. Even during a pandemic, \u201cthe murder\u2019s the thing\u201d, the very thing driving up the death rate. Qiu\u2019s later novels do dramatise new authoritarian trends, particularly in the Chinese legal system. I wonder if Chen Cao someday will have to go into hiding?<\/p>\n<div style=\"clear:both; margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:2em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/why-what-china-is-reading-matters\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"dofollow\" class=\"u35aac6986eaf23e64fbb66af8e6e9b33\"><style> .u35aac6986eaf23e64fbb66af8e6e9b33 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #E74C3C!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u35aac6986eaf23e64fbb66af8e6e9b33:active, .u35aac6986eaf23e64fbb66af8e6e9b33:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u35aac6986eaf23e64fbb66af8e6e9b33 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u35aac6986eaf23e64fbb66af8e6e9b33 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:#E74C3C; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u35aac6986eaf23e64fbb66af8e6e9b33 .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u35aac6986eaf23e64fbb66af8e6e9b33:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } <\/style><div style=\"padding-left:1em; padding-right:1em;\"><span class=\"ctaText\">Read Also<\/span>&nbsp; <span class=\"postTitle\">Why what China is reading matters<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n<h4>Where do you see the narrative thrusts of forthcoming \u201cChina mysteries not made in China\u201d going in the future? Or where would like to see it go?<\/h4>\n<p>Most of the early practitioners have turned to other subjects and genres. At least mystery fiction\u2019s loss of Lisa See has been historical fiction\u2019s gain. Alas, Eliot Pattison\u2019s series about Inspector Shan Tao Yun in Tibet appears to have concluded. Then again, readers thought Sherlock Holmes met his end at the Reichenbach Falls until he returned a few years later!<\/p>\n<p>Lately, Daniel Nieh has sent Victor Li to investigate Chinese conspiracies in Mexico (<em>Take No Names<\/em>) and Brian Klingborg\u2019s Inspector Lu Fei (Wild Prey) has gone undercover to Myanmar. There\u2019s lots more crime in China to explore: fraud, domestic violence, local tyrannies. I just hope that Chinese and foreign heroes are not all forced into plots of espionage, sabotage, and preparing for armed conflict.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Jeff Kinkley\u2019s Top 5 China Mysteries<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Qiu Xiaolong, <em>Red Mandarin Dress<\/em> (2007)<\/p>\n<p>Chan Ho-Kei, <em>The Borrowed<\/em> (2016)<\/p>\n<p>Catherine Sampson, <em>The Pool of Unease<\/em> (2007)<\/p>\n<p>Lisa Brackmann, <em>Hour of the Rat<\/em> (2013)<\/p>\n<p>Adam Brookes, <em>Night Heron<\/em> (2014)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/lp-cta-membership2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7249 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2.png\" alt=\"Launchpad membership 2\" width=\"4680\" height=\"786\" srcset=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2.png 4680w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-300x50.png 300w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-1024x172.png 1024w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-768x129.png 768w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-1536x258.png 1536w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-2048x344.png 2048w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-1920x322.png 1920w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-1170x197.png 1170w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership2-585x98.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4680px) 100vw, 4680px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"hzViewer\" style=\"background: none; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 10px 5px; position: absolute; z-index: 2147483647; visibility: visible; opacity: 1; top: 377px; left: 5px; width: auto; height: auto; cursor: pointer; pointer-events: none; display: none;\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jeffrey C. Kinkley is professor emeritus of Chinese History at St. John\u2019s University, New York, and a John Simon Guggenheim Fellow. He is also a biographer (The Odyssey of Shen Congwen) and a translator of Chinese fiction. Kinkley has published several academic books, including Chinese Justice, the Fiction: Law and Literature in Modern China; Corruption and Realism in Late Socialist China: The Return of the Political Novel; and Visions of&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":13674,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[204],"tags":[366,2132,2427],"class_list":["post-13646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture","tag-books","tag-interview","tag-paywall"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Chinese crime novels can tell us about contemporary China - Focus - China Britain Business Council<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Jeff Kinkley explains the value of reading crime novels set in the Middle Kingdom \u2013 from those by Qiu Xiaolong to Catherine Sampson and more\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/what-chinese-crime-novels-can-tell-us-about-contemporary-china\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What Chinese crime novels can tell us about contemporary China - 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