{"id":8750,"date":"2021-10-22T08:00:31","date_gmt":"2021-10-22T08:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/?p=8750"},"modified":"2025-04-23T09:49:21","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T09:49:21","slug":"what-does-the-recent-ban-on-996-mean-for-chinas-future-work-culture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/what-does-the-recent-ban-on-996-mean-for-chinas-future-work-culture\/","title":{"rendered":"What does China&#8217;s ban on the &#8216;996&#8217; work culture mean for companies?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">The term \u2018996\u2019 describes the notoriously gruelling work schedule in which many young workers in some of China\u2019s biggest companies work 9am to 9pm, six days a week.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>It has even been embraced by CEOs such as Jack Ma (founder of Alibaba) who said, \u201cworking 996 is a huge bliss.\u201d But can it really continue given China&#8217;s commitment to common prosperity and higher birth rates? Writes Juliette Pitt<\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">Even though companies do not officially enforce a 996 schedule, many employees are required to work longer hours and are not always compensated. Under official Chinese law, employees can work a maximum 44-hour workweek and any work beyond that requires extra pay for overtime. But this has not been well enforced.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">Employees are often encouraged or required to put in unpaid hours to show their commitment to their jobs and loyalty to the company. In turn, the companies further entice employees to work this schedule by offering facilities such as nap rooms.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/lp-cta-general\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7247 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general.png\" alt=\"launchpad CBBC\" width=\"4680\" height=\"786\" srcset=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general.png 4680w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-300x50.png 300w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-1024x172.png 1024w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-768x129.png 768w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-1536x258.png 1536w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-2048x344.png 2048w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-1920x322.png 1920w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-1170x197.png 1170w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-general-585x98.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4680px) 100vw, 4680px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">While young people could simply switch jobs, the job market is tough. Together with the impact of Covid-19, companies have had to lay off employees and freeze new hires, leaving the remaining workers to shoulder a larger share of the workload. Moreover, many employees are attracted to these brutal job conditions due to higher salaries and increased economic opportunities. As Guilherme Campos, International Business Advisory Manager at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dezshira.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dezan Shira &amp; Associates<\/a>, comments, \u201cAs long as Chinese society and culture puts some emphasis on material goals that are incompatible with normal middle-class salaries and as long as the cost of living continues to rise, people will always force themselves to go the extra mile and overwork.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">Yet, the public anger shown by some netizens over the impact of these harsh schedules has increased. Earlier this year two employees at the e-commerce platform <a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/why-you-should-care-about-farming-focused-tech-platform-pinduoduo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pinduoduo<\/a> died from mental and physical exhaustion and since then, along with similar cases, the government authorities have taken a firm stand.<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"clear:both; margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:2em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/what-are-chinas-new-data-protection-and-user-data-laws\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"dofollow\" class=\"u72d743713d2f6fd50ad54f5dd60b12cb\"><style> .u72d743713d2f6fd50ad54f5dd60b12cb { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #E74C3C!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u72d743713d2f6fd50ad54f5dd60b12cb:active, .u72d743713d2f6fd50ad54f5dd60b12cb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u72d743713d2f6fd50ad54f5dd60b12cb { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u72d743713d2f6fd50ad54f5dd60b12cb .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:#E74C3C; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u72d743713d2f6fd50ad54f5dd60b12cb .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u72d743713d2f6fd50ad54f5dd60b12cb:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } <\/style><div style=\"padding-left:1em; padding-right:1em;\"><span class=\"ctaText\">Read Also<\/span>&nbsp; <span class=\"postTitle\">How will China's new data protection laws affect your business?<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n<h4 class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s1\">Why was 996 ruled to be illegal?<\/span><\/h4>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">No longer turning a blind eye to the increasing public anger against 996, on 26 August 2021, the Chinese government ruled these working hours to be illegal. The Supreme People\u2019s Court wrote, \u201cworkers deserve rights for rest and vacation&#8230;and adhering to the national working hour system is the legal obligation.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">\u201cThe Chinese supreme court\u2019s decision against the 996 work policy (as well as the government\u2019s moves to protect gig workers) overwhelmingly targets technology companies, and are in response to public discontent and immense societal pressure. More policy actions can be expected as the government appears determined to regulate its sprawling private tech sector while pushing forward with the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/what-is-chinas-new-common-prosperity-policy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">common prosperity<\/a>\u201d movement,\u201d Adam Livermore, Partner at Dezan Shira &amp; Associates, explains. Moreover, with grievances rising among workers, the government also has to ensure that it can maintain domestic stability. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">The move towards better labour protection also comes at a time when attitudes towards work are changing. In recent months, the term \u201clying flat\u201d has become a new social media buzzword to describe Gen Z and Millennials in China. Preferring a more relaxed and flexible lifestyle, many young people do not want to overwork. Therefore, to increase China\u2019s young people\u2019s work ethic, the government is trying to create an attractive employment system that is more humane for young workers. <\/span><span class=\"s2\">Furthermore, China is experiencing alarmingly slow <a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/2020-china-census-reports-slowing-population-growth\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">population growth<\/a>. Facing a shrinking labour force in the years ahead, the government needs to find ways to continue the momentum of the economy by making work more appealing.<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"clear:both; margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:2em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/how-will-individual-income-tax-law-changes-affect-foreigners-in-china\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"dofollow\" class=\"u8d80c8c003fb5efbfe004fdece2ab47c\"><style> .u8d80c8c003fb5efbfe004fdece2ab47c { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #E74C3C!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u8d80c8c003fb5efbfe004fdece2ab47c:active, .u8d80c8c003fb5efbfe004fdece2ab47c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u8d80c8c003fb5efbfe004fdece2ab47c { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u8d80c8c003fb5efbfe004fdece2ab47c .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:#E74C3C; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u8d80c8c003fb5efbfe004fdece2ab47c .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u8d80c8c003fb5efbfe004fdece2ab47c:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } <\/style><div style=\"padding-left:1em; padding-right:1em;\"><span class=\"ctaText\">Read Also<\/span>&nbsp; <span class=\"postTitle\">How will changes to China's Individual Income Tax Law affect foreigners?<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n<h4 class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s1\">The potential implications of this ruling for businesses in China<\/span><\/h4>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">The recent crackdown on China\u2019s working culture has had both positive and negative implications for businesses. <\/span><span class=\"s2\">Firstly, it firmly places the government on the side of the workers. Strengthening the supervision of the labour market will force more tech giants to roll back tough working conditions. By bringing this issue to the wider public\u2019s attention, worker overtime issues could lead to a rise in <a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/whats-next-for-chinas-gig-economy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">labour disputes<\/a> that could negatively impact several worker-employer relationships.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">Responding to the announcement, some companies have already implemented changes, including <a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/douyin-dethroning-wechat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Douyin<\/a>, Tencent and <a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/chinas-most-popular-live-streaming-e-commerce-platforms\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kuaishou<\/a>. Whilst this is positive for workers, some are not in favour. Motivated to hit key performance indicators and eager for overtime pay, some have become accustomed to the 996 working culture. According to a report from Caixin, employees at Bytedance (owner of TikTok and Douyin) saw their paycheques shrink 10 to 20% from previous months as overtime pay dwindled. As Mark Tanner from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaskinny.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">China Skinny<\/a> tells Focus, \u201cI know some of the tech firms who have already tried to reduce hours and subsequent overtime pay, [and it has] not been well received by many workers. Many will miss the extra income, but others have committed to purchases and loans based on the expected overtime.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span class=\"s2\">Some of the tech firms who have already tried to reduce hours and subsequent overtime pay, [and it has] not been well received by many workers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">The 996 work culture has become entrenched over several years, and a government ruling alone might not change people\u2019s habits as the economic incentives remain the same. \u201cI believe that the change will be truly minor,\u201d says Campos. \u201cCompanies like Alibaba and its affiliates will most likely have to change, [especially] since Jack Ma has fallen out of favour with the government. However, other companies like Huawei that are almost a symbol of China\u2019s economic prowess, may end up getting a free pass.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">China\u2019s changing labour system will directly affect company recruitment processes, employment policies and organisational structures. If the law is strictly enforced, some enterprises might face the risk of bankruptcy as their efficiency could significantly decrease, especially if other companies find creative legal loopholes to continue overtime schedules.<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"clear:both; margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:2em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/what-do-changes-to-chinas-tutoring-industry-mean-for-international-education\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"dofollow\" class=\"uf3420b5b10fc0172f8b70877dab45097\"><style> .uf3420b5b10fc0172f8b70877dab45097 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #E74C3C!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .uf3420b5b10fc0172f8b70877dab45097:active, .uf3420b5b10fc0172f8b70877dab45097:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .uf3420b5b10fc0172f8b70877dab45097 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .uf3420b5b10fc0172f8b70877dab45097 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:#E74C3C; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .uf3420b5b10fc0172f8b70877dab45097 .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .uf3420b5b10fc0172f8b70877dab45097:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } <\/style><div style=\"padding-left:1em; padding-right:1em;\"><span class=\"ctaText\">Read Also<\/span>&nbsp; <span class=\"postTitle\">What China's private tutoring crackdown means for education businesses<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n<h4 class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s1\">The future of China&#8217;s working culture and the labour market <\/span><\/h4>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">The push to regulate working hours will have ramifications in China\u2019s labour market. For one, the tech sector might experience a rise in employment. There is a significant gap between the number of hours required under the 996 regime (72) and that allowed for under Chinese law (44). It follows that if the law is strictly enforced, we could see an increase in employment by as much as 30%, as companies have to hire more staff to make up for the \u2018lost\u2019 hours of overextended workers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">The move towards better labour protection must be seen as a positive move towards improving the livelihoods of workers trapped in the passive cycle of 996. As Tanner notes, it will also help to \u201clevel the playing field\u201d for those who felt they were being held back by their desire for a greater work-life balance. <span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">However,<\/span><\/span> the impact of such a ruling might take some time to manifest itself. Working 996 is often an unwritten rule in many companies, driven by peer pressure, and so there are still major obstacles to overhauling the working culture in China.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/lp-cta-membership1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7248 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"4680\" height=\"786\" srcset=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership1.png 4680w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership1-300x50.png 300w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership1-1024x172.png 1024w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership1-768x129.png 768w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership1-1536x258.png 1536w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership1-2048x344.png 2048w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership1-1920x322.png 1920w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership1-1170x197.png 1170w, https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/lp-membership1-585x98.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4680px) 100vw, 4680px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The term \u2018996\u2019 describes the notoriously gruelling work schedule in which many young workers in some of China\u2019s biggest companies work 9am to 9pm, six days a week.\u00a0 It has even been embraced by CEOs such as Jack Ma (founder of Alibaba) who said, \u201cworking 996 is a huge bliss.\u201d But can it really continue given China&#8217;s commitment to common prosperity and higher birth rates? Writes Juliette Pitt Even though&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8751,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[365],"tags":[2141,2427,2142,685],"class_list":["post-8750","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-human-resources","tag-2141","tag-paywall","tag-work-culture","tag-work-life-balance"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What does China&#039;s ban on the &#039;996&#039; work culture mean for companies? - Focus - China Britain Business Council<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"China&#039;s gruelling 996 work schedule has come under fire in recent months, but will a new supreme court ruling actually change anything?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/focus.cbbc.org\/what-does-the-recent-ban-on-996-mean-for-chinas-future-work-culture\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What does China&#039;s ban on the &#039;996&#039; work culture mean for companies? 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